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 UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAM CALENDAR 2003-2004 |
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Geography Courses
GEO 027 Geography: Urban Social Geography Lect: 3 hrs. In this professionally related course the social patterns, processes, issues and problems in cities are analyzed. Urban geography is used as the base discipline to study these spatial social phenomena, yet the social issues are the focus. The social issues that are covered include: social networks, neighbourhoods and communities; residential segregation; housing and homelessness; the location and accessibility of social services and amenities; the criteria and strategies for a livable city. (PR)
GEO 030 Geography: Geographic Perspectives on the Human Environment Lect: 3 hrs. This course investigates the social and physical environments in which all cultural, economic, political and technological systems function. Focal points of the course include our experience of place, patterns of spatial behaviour, and the variable ways in which human societies interpret and interact with their environments.
GEO 035 Geography: Regional Analysis of Canada Lect: 3 hrs. A regional approach is adopted to analyze geographical, political, economic resource and environmental issues in Canada. The first semester introduces general concepts of regional analysis and regional patterns. The second semester places emphasis on peripheral regions with particular focus on the Canadian Northland. Case studies are used throughout. This course is equivalent to GEO 505 and GEO 605. (UL)
GEO 036 Geography: Political Geography Lect: 3 hrs. Geographical perspectives on a dynamic political world at various scales: global, regional, national and local. The theme will be explained in the context of the following: global interdependence, development, regional characteristics, territoriality, spatial relations, nationalism, and resources and environment. Throughout the course theoretical approaches will be used to inform current events. (UL)
GEO 039 Geography: Patterns of Culture Lect: 3 hrs. Culture, as both a reflection and a determinant of human experience, is the central theme of this course. The concept of culture is explored, and the ways in which cultural differences are expressed through natural, built, and symbolic landscapes are assessed in both Canadian and global contexts. The elements of culture are observed within a trans-cultural framework, and the spatial expression of these elements is considered. The current global significance of cultural patterns and cultural change is also addressed. (UL)
GEO 102 Geography: Economic Geography Lect: 3 hrs. This course examines how a geographic perspective may be used to analyze business location problems. Emphasis is placed on an examination of the locational trends, site selection procedures and market area delimitation of activities in the retail/commercial and tourism sectors of the economy. (PR)
GEO 106 Geography: Interpreting Human Environments: I Lect: 3 hrs. This course examines environmental and spatial aspects of human life, primarily at the scale of the individual, the neighbourhood and the community. Specific topics to be considered include sense of place, mental maps, territoriality, community dynamics, and human impacts on the landscape. This course is the first half of GEO 016. (LL)
GEO 108 Geography: Geography of the Global Village Lect: 3 hrs. This one semester course explores the ecological and demographic basis of globalization. Starting from a discussion of the impacts of the industrial revolution on current global socio-economic and environmental issues, this course examines population dynamics and quality of life indicators, the world food system and environmental deterioration. (LL)
GEO 112 Geography: Dynamic Systems in Physical Geography Lect: 2 hrs./Lab: 2 hrs. This course focuses on the nature of geographic inquiry and representation as it pertains to analysis of meteorology, climatology and hydrology. Particular emphasis is directed at the role of this information in the evaluation of human interaction with environmental conditions. The learning experience includes lectures, readings, participatory workshops and lab exercises. (formerly first half of GEO 012).
GEO 123 Geography: Applied Geographic Practice I Lect: 2 hrs./Lab: 2 hrs. This foundation course explores the value of the applied geographical perspective to identify and resolve various societal concerns. Spatial analysis provides a framework to make effective locational decisions for public and private facilities alike and a paradigm to investigate sectoral performances. In lectures, field excursions and laboratory assignments, students become familiar with basic concepts of the discipline and the fundamentals of research, including the use of databases, analytical techniques and geographical information systems. (formerly first half of GEO 023).
GEO 125 Geography: Introduction to Analytical Techniques I Lect: 2 hrs./Lab: 2 hrs. This course is the first introduction to statistical and computer methods used in applied geographic research. The student is familiarized with the detailed use of Excel and the microcomputer GIS lab. The course emphasizes the basics of statistical analysis and the use of simple to moderately complex techniques in the analysis of areal phenomena. The main focus is on the gathering, sorting, and manipulation of data using common microcomputer software. (formerly first half of GEO 025).
GEO 206 Geography: Interpreting Human Environments: II Lect: 3 hrs. This course examines spatial and environmental aspects of human life, primarily at the scale of the region, the nation and the global community. Specific topics to be considered include migration, regionalism, spatial equity and global interdependence. This course is the second half of GEO 016. (LL)
GEO 208 Geography: Geography of the Global Economy Lect: 3 hrs. This one semester course explores the changing geographic patterns of economy and settlement. Starting from a discussion about the relationships between technological systems, the economy and urbanization, this course considers patterns of deindustrialization, economic linkages, and changing settlement systems. (LL)
GEO 212 Geography: Terrestrial Systems in Physical Geography Lect: 2 hrs./Lab: 2 hrs. The distinctive character-istics of landscapes are imparted by the interaction of earth materials, forms and processes. This course builds on the concepts of GEO 112, and focuses on recognition of the opportunities and constraints imposed upon us by terrestrial systems. The learning experience includes lectures, readings, participatory workshops and lab exercises. (formerly second half of GEO 012). Prerequisite: GEO 112.
GEO 223 Geography: Applied Geographic Practice II Lect: 2 hrs./Lab: 2 hrs. The course examines human activities that enhance and diminish built and natural environments. Population and demographic trends exert pressure on the resource base while underlying the multidimensional factors that account for the quality of life at various geographical scales. In addition to identifying such critical issues as homelessness, crime and access to services, it is equally important to grasp how governments and corporations have responded. These include sustainable development, public policy and corporate planning strategies. (formerly second half of GEO 023). Prerequisite: GEO 123.
GEO 225 Geography: Introduction to Analytical Techniques II Lect: 2 hrs./Lab: 2 hrs. A one-semester course in basic statistical analysis as applied to spatial phenomena. Descriptive statistics and analytical hypothesis testing are discussed, with emphasis on applications and practical uses of these techniques. This course provides the groundwork in techniques to be utlilized in the more advanced geography courses. Use of statistical software SPSS is emphasized. (formerly second half of GEO 025). Prerequisite: GEO 125.
GEO 301 Geography: Marketing Geography Lect: 3 hrs. This course addresses the spatial aspects of business decision making. Emphasis is placed on measuring the factors and assessing the methods associated with site evaluation and market area analysis. (PR)
GEO 302 Geography: Retail Location I Lect: 3 hrs. An introduction to techniques of spatial modelling, with emphasis on retail location and marketing geography. The course adopts a case study perspective with emphasis placed on the evaluation and application of geography theory and concepts. (PR)
GEO 303 Geography: Environmental Analysis Lect: 2 hrs./Lab: 1 hr. This is an introduction to a broad range of environmental problems that result when consumptive economies exploit their physical resources. The course provides a forum for students to identify and evaluate critically major resource issues confronting Canadian society. Prerequisite: GEO 023.
GEO 304 Geography: Analytical Techniques II Lect: 2 hrs./Lab: 1 hr. A one-semester course to familiarize students with current methods of analysis used by geographers. Major topics are multiple regression, factor analysis, discriminant analysis and multidimensional scaling. In each topic, the approach is user oriented, stressing the type of problem treated by each technique and interpretation of results. Prerequisite: GEO 025.
GEO 310 Geography: Principles of Location Analysis Lect: 2 hrs./Lab: 1 hr. This course provides the applied geography student with an introduction to the fundamentals of location research and is divided into three sections. The first outlines the context and assumptions of location analysis. The second examines spatial modelling as it relates to structure, hierarchies, interaction, and surfaces. The last part explores the operation of retail/service economy. Topics include an overview of the Canadian retail sector, and investigations of retail site selection, trade area delimination, and corporate location strategies.
GEO 312 Geography: Viva Las Vegas! The city of Las Vegas is in some senses unique in its character and image, but it does exemplify many of the general issues associated with urban areas in North America today Lect: 3 hrs. The course explores the explanation of that character, both in terms of the uniqueness of Las Vegas and in terms of more general patterns and processes. In the course stress is placed on the development of general research and critical skills. (LL)
GEO 400 Geography: Cartographic Databases Lect: 2 hrs./Lab: 2 hrs. This course teaches the fundamental principles of cartography, within a digital environment. Students will explore the cartographic process: from the sources of data available for mapping; to the compilation, structure and storage of digital databases; to the visualization of cartographic information. The appropriate display of quantitative cartographic data will be highlighted, and a variety of mapping software will be used. Prerequisite: GEO 023.
GEO 410 Geography: Economic Restructuring Lect: 2 hrs./Lab: 1 hr. This course will develop basic concepts and techniques necessary for a geographic appraisal of the location decisions of industrial activities, and the spatial organization of the economy. The course surveys industrial location theory from the major neo-classical perspectives to the integration of these principles into operational models. Other topics focus on the changing dimensions of spatial economies, methods of industrial analysis, the history of industrial evolution and the effects of the business cycle on industrial location.
GEO 418 Geography: Urban Analysis Lect: 2 hrs./Lab: 1 hr. This course presents a general overview of the scope and major themes of urban geography, with emphasis on the application of techniques of urban analysis to contemporary situations, especially as they relate to Toronto. In content the course moves from the general to the specific, and from theory to application. Prerequisite: GEO 023.
GEO 419 Geography: Geodemographics Lect: 2 hrs./Lab: 1 hr. This course surveys practical, conceptual and methodological issues associated with the application of geographical techniques to marketing and retail site selection problems. The use of socioeconomic and demographic data at various spatial scales including the increasingly used individual household level of analysis, is emphasized. Methods include: population projections, clustering and market segmentation, regression and discrete choice models for predicting marketing response rates and retail site success. Database marketing will also be discussed. (PR)
GEO 500 Geography: Field Camp Lect: 2 hrs. Optional field camp to be held in September. Consult school for details. Prerequisite: GEO 304, All required second year courses.
GEO 504 Geography: Resource and Environmental Planning Techniques Lect: 2 hrs./Lab: 1 hr. This course provides a survey of concepts and approaches relevant to environmental, economic and social factors for resource and environmental planning. While the course is process oriented, case studies are used to assess critically the application of different techniques to combine theory with the practical aspects of resource management. Prerequisite: GEO 303.
GEO 505 Geography: Regional Analysis of Canada Lect: 3 hrs. The regional structure of Canada provides the focus for this course. Attention is given to the internal characteristics and problems of various regions, and to the interrelations which bind the regions together in a national framework. Emphasis is placed upon regional disparity, regional development concepts, and social and environmental variables. This course is the first half of GEO 035. (UL)
GEO 506 Geography: Recreational Studies I Lect: 2 hrs./Lab: 1 hr. This course aims at providing a broad understanding of the spatial behaviour of recreationists and tourists. A set of frameworks, methodologies and analytical techniques that help describe current and predict the direction of future recreation and tourist behaviour is presented. Emphasis is also placed on a set of frameworks and methodologies suitable for assessing the various impacts of this behaviour. Prerequisite: GEO 303.
GEO 507 Geography: Explorations of the Urban Environment Lect: 3 hrs. This course examines the internal structure of the contemporary city from a geographic viewpoint. The course is issue-oriented and focuses on transportation, housing and other land use problems and solutions. (formerly GEO 307). (UL)
GEO 509 Geography: Food, Place & Identity: Geography of Diet Lect: 3 hrs. This course examines the role of provenance and place in the evolution of diet. In defining the geography of food as who eats what where, it considers how its importance extends beyond mere nourishment: food is an idiom that provides individual and collective comfort and identity. However impoverished or affluent, contemporary cuisines are legacies of military conflict, colonization and commercial influence that have incorporated key, non-indigenous products that were introduced by the Columbian exchange. (UL)
GEO 511 Geography: Industrial Location Lect: 2 hrs./Lab: 1 hr. The theme of this course focuses on the application of industrial location theory to the solution of site selection problems and on the development of federal, provincial and regional industrial policy. The student is presented with advanced location theories and problem-solving frameworks. Relevant case studies are used to illustrate the application of principles and theories to pragmatic situations. For the most part, the course will utilize a seminar format. Prerequisite: GEO 310 and GEO 410.
GEO 518 Geography: Internal Structure of the City Lect: 2 hrs./Lab: 1 hr. Interpretation of historical and present processes of growth and change relevant to the understanding of contemporary urban areas. Major topics include roles of government and the development process, public facility location, spatial segregation, housing and neighbourhood issues. Prerequisite: GEO 418 or equivalent.
GEO 520 Geography: Global Political Geography Lect: 3 hrs. This one semester course provides geographical perspectives on political issues with an emphasis on the regional and global scale. Themes include geopolitics, global inter-dependence, regional integration, territoriality, and geographical sources of stress and conflict. Theoretical approaches will be used to inform current events. This course is the first half of GEO 036. (UL)
GEO 604 Geography: Resource and Environmental Decision Making Lect: 2 hrs./Lab: 1 hr. This course involves the analysis of frameworks for the investigation and resolution of complex resource and environmental problems. In many cases such problems deal with the consideration of a wide variety of data and of a number of objectives. General methods to deal with such situations are presented. Application of these methods is demonstrated by a critical analysis of the technical practice of environmental analysis. Prerequisite: GEO 303.
GEO 605 Geography: The Geography of the Canadian North Lect: 3 hrs. This course focuses on non-indigenous occupance of the Canadian Northland, identifying factors and processes which have given rise to the various levels of spatial organization in the North and examining constraints on development at various scales. An understanding of geographic analytic techniques is assumed, and a variety of techniques are utilized in analysis of spatial organization and contemporary problem situations. This course is the second half of GEO 035. (UL)
GEO 606 Geography: Recreational Studies II Lect: 2 hrs./Lab: 1 hr. This course describes frameworks and techniques suitable for the analysis of the planning, management, and development aspects of tourism and recreation systems within urban and rural environments. Studies concentrate on the pragmatic application of concepts and analytical techniques associated with this field. Prerequisite: GEO 303.
GEO 607 Geography: Cities and the Canadian Economic Landscape Lect: 3 hrs. Urbanization is associated with a plethora of problems at both a regional and global level. The course explores the geographic dimensions of some of these problems addressing such questions as urban development and regional disparity in Canada, the impact of urban growth on surrounding areas, national and continental trends in population and settlement, and global perspectives on urbanization. (formerly GEO 407). (UL)
GEO 608 Geography: Urban Transportation Systems Lect: 2 hrs./Lab: 1 hr. A one-semester course to examine theoretical and empirical aspects of transportation systems. Topics include descriptive and normative models of transportation flows, graph theory, component parts of networks, models of growth processes in transport networks, and planning problems in urban and regional transportation. Emphasized throughout are the spatial, economic and social impacts of transportation. Prerequisite: GEO 310 and GEO 410.
GEO 609 Geography: cyberspace@geo-graphy Lect: 3 hrs. ca. This course will examine the historical development of world communications systems, with emphasis on the growth of contemporary geo-communication networks such as the Internet and the WWW, and their relationship to socio-economic and environ-mental geography. From world city systems to rural and marginalized places around the globe, the examination and analysis of cyberspace should prove useful in understanding a new geography characterized by many as the “death of distance”. (UL)
GEO 611 Geography: Retail Location Lect: 2 hrs./Lab: 1 hr. This course presents a detailed analysis of the concepts and methods associated with retail site selection, market area analysis, leasing, and the process of consumer spatial behaviour. Applied locational case studies and shopping centre analysis are used to assess the relevance of existing theory and methodologies. Prerequisite: GEO 310 and GEO 410.
GEO 614 Geography: Geographic Information Systems Lect: 1 hr./Lab: 2 hrs. This course is designed to familiarize the student with the current state of development in geographic information systems. Within the last decade municipal, provincial, and federal governments as well as private firms have incorporated sophisticated, data retrieval manipulation, and display systems into their basic operations. This course will communicate skills to deal with spatial data through a demonstration of the capabilities of information systems and provide students with the opportunity to apply their knowledge of selected systems to solve geographically related problems. Prerequisite: GEO 400.
GEO 618 Geography: City and Region Lect: 2 hrs./Lab: 1 hr. Examination of the structural and transactional form of urban regions with emphasis on the relationship between urban growth and regional disparity. Major areas of study will include historical heartland-periphery relationship, regional economic imbalance, and growth poles in theory and practice. Prerequisite: GEO 418 or equivalent.
GEO 619 Geography: Geodemographics Lect: 2 hrs./Lab: 1 hr. This course surveys practical, conceptual, and methodological issues associated with the application of geographical techniques to marketing and retail site selection. Stress is given to the use of socioeconomic and demographic data at various spatial scales. Methods include: population projections, clustering and market segmentation, regression and discrete choice models for predicting marketing response rates and retail site success. Prerequisites: GEO 304 and GEO 400.
GEO 620 Geography: Political Geog Lect: 3 hrs. of Nations & Localities. This one semester course provides geographical perspectives on political issues with an emphasis on the national and local scale. Themes include: nations and nationalism; the territorial state; geographical sources of stress at the local level; electoral geography; and the political geography of localities and everyday life. Theoretical approaches will be used to inform current events. This course is the second half of GEO 036. (UL)
GEO 624 Geography: Introduction to Remote Sensing Lect: 1 hr./Lab: 2 hrs. This course introduces the fundamental concepts of remote sensing. Emphasis will be placed on techniques and applications involving resource management, environment impact assessment, and urban analysis with medium and high-resolution imagery. By the end of the course, students should expect to have a basic understanding of how digital image acquisition and processing works, and especially how it is applied to geographic decision making.
GEO 700 Geography: Practicum Lab: 2 hrs. Related work experience acquired under supervision at an approved sponsoring organization. Prerequisite: GEO 614.
GEO 702 Geography: Technology and the Contemporary Environment Lect: 3 hrs. The contemporary world is influenced to a very considerable extent by technology. However, relationships between this technology and our environment continue to be the subject of considerable public debate. The geographic dimensions of these environmental controversies provide a convenient and meaningful framework for their analysis. In this course, both recurring and contemporary environmental issues are examined in terms of implications for North American society. (UL)
GEO 703 Geography: Perspectives on Environmental Management Lect: 3 hrs. The deterioration of ecosystems and growing societal intolerance for environmental damages have raised concerns over the management of the earth’s resource base. First, this course examines how public attitudes towards the environment have evolved and the corresponding growth of public participation in environmental decision making. Secondly, emphasis is placed on the ecological basis for environmental planning and analysis. Finally, the growing body of laws, regulations and guidelines which are designed to control environmental behaviours are considered. (PR)
GEO 705 Geography: Environment and Society in the Caribbean Lect: 3 hrs. This course is issue oriented, and emphasizes the interrelatedness of historical, economic, social and cultural phenomena from a regional perspective. The Caribbean is a region because of the shared history, production systems, location in the global economy, patterns of cultural and physical background. Within this framework, the course will focus on contemporary issues and debates relevant to understanding the regional basis and diversity of the Caribbean. (UL)
GEO 709 Geography: Developmental and Environmental Law Lect: 1 hr./Lab: 1 hr. This course presents an overview of legal principles and concepts that relate to development and environmental issues. It examines the role of the Courts and administrative tribunals in resolving disputes that arise from these issues. Particular problems addressed include water, air and noise pollution, waste management, private land development, zoning conflicts and land use controls. Prerequisite: Completion of Second Year.
GEO 714 Geography: GIS for the Municipal Professional I Lab: 3 hrs. Geographic Information Systems represent a technology which permits the diverse data sets needed to administer a modern municipality to be outlined and given due consideration in reaching management decisions. This course provides students with practical knowledge and skills relating to the understanding and use of GIS. Particular attention is directed at how geographic relations are preserved, and the opportunities/constraints afforded by various GIS approaches. There is a $25 lab fee for this course. (PR)
GEO 715 Geography: Research Design Lab: 3 hrs. A one-semester course intended to prepare students to conduct and report on the results of independent research projects. Topics covered include the preparation of research proposals, a review of data collection and analysis methods, and the preparation of a literature review. Prerequisite: GEO 614. Corequisite: GEO 044.
GEO 716 Geography: Geographics of Health Lect: 2 hrs./Lab: 1 hr. This course investigates both the complexity of what we call health and disease, and the multiplicity of approaches with which health and disease are investigated and understood by geographers. Students learn to recognize the many ways in which individuals and groups alter and adapt to their multiple environments, thereby shaping their own health. Understanding how spatial data about disease and death is presented enables students to assess health information available on the web. (UL)
GEO 719 Geography: GIS in Business: Strategic Management Decisions Lab: 3 hrs. The key to sustaining a business is to know one’s customers. By geographically referencing customer records, and linking them to data such as demographics, GIS enables business enterprises to evaluate their client-catchment areas. This course provides an introduction to GIS in the business environment, by combining lecture material, readings from the professional literature, site visits for the evaluation of systems, and labs designed to provide practical and technical competence. There is a $25.00 lab fee for this course. (PR)
GEO 720 Geography: The Inner Landscape of Culture Lect: 3 hrs. Equivalent to the first half of GEO 039. What does it mean to live as a member of a particular culture? This course addresses the concept of culture as both a reflection and a determinant of human experience. Examples from Canadian and global settings support an exploration of the elements and processes of culture. (UL)
GEO 721 Geography: Project Management Lect: 3 hrs. This course will introduce students to the methods, approaches and conceptual frameworks for project development and management. Students are expected to identify a “real” project and are to develop their project throughout the course. Emphasis is placed on organization, co-operation, teamwork, efficient research and report writing. Students are exposed to various methods and tools which are appropriate for applications-oriented research. (PR)
GEO 724 Geography: GIS for the Municipal Professional II Lect: 1 hr./Lab: 2 hrs. This course continues the themes of GEO 714, with more advanced work in Geographic Information Systems and an emphasis on the presentation of a professional product. The aim of the course is to provide students with an opportunity to enhance their cartographic output and increase their analytical abilities, using GIS. Hands-on experience is expanded. Prerequisite: GEO 714.
GEO 744 Geography: Investigations in Applied Geography I Lect: 4 hrs. Geographical techniques are applied to solve various problems that geographers encounter in professional practice. Case examples drawn from locational decision making, environmental analysis, transportation planning and urban analysis exemplify the role of geography in decision support. Project design, from problem conceptualization to the completion of deliverables are emphasized. Working in teams, students are assigned a research problem provided by a company or public sector agency and produce a detailed project design for the assignment. (formerly first half of GEO 044).
GEO 793 Geography: The Geography of Toronto Lect: 3 hrs. Founded in 1793 by John Graves Simcoe as the Town of York, capital of Upper Canada, Toronto has emerged over two centuries to become one of the most important cities in the world. This course has been designed to provide students with an understanding of the geographical evolution of the city of Toronto and its surrounding region. The course examines a number of important aspects of the Toronto phenomenon from both the inter-urban and intra-urban perspectives. Throughout the course, North American and global perspectives are considered, where appropriate.
GEO 802 Geography: The Geography of Recreation and Leisure Lect: 3 hrs. This course explores recreation and leisure from a number of perspectives. It examines the relationship between recreational choice and demographic and life-style correlates, technology, and faddism. It evaluates symbolic recreational environments and the role of natural areas. It explores many of the social and environmental costs associated with recreational development. (UL)
GEO 803 Geography: Recreation and Tourism Analysis Lect: 3 hrs. The growing importance of the recreation and tourism system in today’s society has generated the potential for environmental impacts and development opportunities. This professionally related course examines the system and its role in the economy. Particular emphasis will be placed on planning, managing and developing recreation and tourism resources, and on identifying, measuring and evaluating impacts. (PR)
GEO 805 Geography: Studies in Rural Geography Lect: 2 hrs./Lab: 1 hr. This course is intended to enhance the capacity of senior students to apply geographical techniques and concepts within a non-urban context. Topics covered include rural community systems, decision making, resource and environmental issues and the rural economy. Prerequisite: GEO 400.
GEO 806 Geography: Leisure Studies Lect: 2 hrs./Lab: 1 hr. This course explores a variety of issues related to the emergence of increasing amounts of leisure time, and changing societal demographics and affluence. Particular emphasis is placed upon the relationship between leisure and other sectors of the economy. A combination of lectures and student presentations on topics of specific interest provide the vehicle for understanding the impact of leisure on the marketplace, now and in the future. Prerequisite: GEO 400.
GEO 807 Geography: Perspectives on Theory/Practices of Applied Geog Lect: 2 hrs./Lab: 1 hr. This course provides students with a forum for investigating the philosophical, social, and theoretical bases of geography as an applied Social Science. Considerable emphasis will be placed upon a discussion of different images of applied geography and upon their strengths, limitations, and societal roles. Prerequisite: GEO 400.
GEO 809 Geography: The Canadian North Lect: 2 hrs./Lab: 1 hr. This course focuses on indigenous and non-indigenous patterns of occupance in the Canadian North, identifying factors and processes that have given rise to the various levels of spatial organization in the North and examining constraints on development at various scales. The course should enable students to develop an understanding of the historical and spatial background to Northern issues and the underpinnings of policies related to such issues as Land Claims, Northern Land Use Plan-ning and Native Self-Government. Prerequisite: GEO 400.
GEO 810 Geography: Readings in Geography Lect. 2 hrs./Lab: 1 hr. A one semester reading course that advances students beyond the level that could be achieved in previous program courses or extends their understanding in new areas of geographical inquiry. Students wishing to be considered for acceptance into GEO 808 are required to submit a formal proposal of study. (formerly GEO 708). Prerequisite: GEO 400.
GEO 811 Geography: Global Environmental Issues Lect: 3 hrs. This one-semester course is structured to address a series of central themes relating to an understanding of concerns about the global environment. For each, a specific environmental issue is highlighted and a case study or case studies is used to demonstrate the nature of the theme and its broad relevance to an understanding of the global situation. A principal goal of the course is to enhance students’ appreciation for an understanding of the state of the world environment and of the challenges and priorities for action to address such issues at a global scale. (UL)
GEO 814 Geography: GIS in Decision Support Lect: 1 hr./Lab: 2 hrs. This course advances the concepts of spatial databases and Geographic Information Systems. The focus is on refinement of the operation of GIS, not only via customizing the graphic user interface and automation of processing functions, but also through examination of the feasibility of systems. “Macro” languaging and “scripting” environments will provide the means for developing skills in the implementation of spatial-processing algorithms. Methodologies for investigating the issues of GIS implementation are addressed. Prerequisite: GEO 614.
GEO 815 Geography: Research Paper Lect: 3 hrs. A written report that reflects an independent research undertaking that is designed to demonstrate competence in a selected area of specialization. Prerequisite: GEO 715 and Permission of Department.
GEO 820 Geography: The Outer Landscape of Culture Lect: 3 hrs. Equivalent to the second half of GEO 039. This course examines the ways in which cultures express themselves through natural, built, and symbolic landscapes. The nature and significance of cultural change are considered at both regional and global scales. (UL)
GEO 824 Geography: Ad Lect: 1 hr./Lab: 2 hrs. Applications in Remote Sensing & GIS. The course consists of three major components that will be explored within a framework of advanced geographic applications: (1) advanced techniques in remote sensing/digital image analysis, (2) the use of ancillary digital information sources, and (3) the integration, utilization, and visualization of digitally processed data within Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Various data sources will be examined, ranging from radar to multi-spectral. The integration of classified remotely sensed and GIS data within project management schemes will be a major focus of this course. Prerequisite: GEO 624.
GEO 844 Geography: Investigations in Applied Geography II Lect: 4 hrs. This course the execution of a research project for private, government and non-governmental sector clients. Deliverables include a professional level report, an oral presentation and the creation of a website. These activities are supported by faculty and guest presentations that emphasize the diversity of geographical consulting activities, metho-dological innovation and ethical issues that confront various practitioners of the discipline. (formerly second half of GEO 044). Prerequisite: GEO 744.
GEO 910 Geography: Structure of the Global Village Lect: 3 hrs. The remarkable growth of world cites has been accompanied by astonishing socio-cultural, demographic and global com-munication changes. Yet our predominantly urban world has developed in a peculiar geographic context where there has been substantial growth in the number of individual nation-states since 1950 along with an increasing expansion of regional economic and socially-defined ‘collectives’. This course will explore the many patterns, processes and systems that manifest themselves in the evolution of the ‘Global Village’. (PR)